This poem guide explains how sound, scent and sight preserve a mother’s presence even when direct memory fades. It includes stanza meanings, all central textbook questions, sensory vocabulary, writing and listening answers.
Watch and learn
Video lessons
Watch the NCERT Hindi Tutor lessons here, then use the written notes and answers below for revision.
Understand the lesson
Summary
During play, the speaker cannot consciously picture his mother, yet a hovering tune recalls the song she hummed while rocking his cradle. Sound carries an early feeling of safety and affection.
On autumn mornings, shiuli fragrance and the scent of temple service awaken another memory. Smell connects the mother with purity, tenderness and the sacred calm of childhood.
When the speaker looks into the distant blue sky, its stillness feels like his mother’s gaze spread across the world. Sight turns personal love into a vast, protective presence.
The poem shows that memory is not limited to a clear visual record. Love survives in sensory associations, emotion and nature even after a person is absent.
At a glance
Quick revision points
- The repeated refrain admits loss while also introducing a recovered feeling.
- A lullaby links sound with the mother’s care.
- Shiuli flowers and temple scent create olfactory imagery.
- The distant blue sky creates visual imagery.
- The mother’s gaze is compared symbolically with the sky’s stillness.
- Each stanza uses a different sense: hearing, smell and sight.
- The tone is tender, serene, nostalgic and restrained.
- Nature becomes a bridge between present experience and childhood love.
Learn the ideas
Chapter notes
Stanza-wise explanation
- Stanza 1 — A tune among playthings recalls the mother’s cradle song.
- Stanza 2 — Autumn shiuli and temple fragrance recall her pure, comforting presence.
- Stanza 3 — The silent sky expands the memory of her loving gaze into something universal.
Poetic devices
- Refrain — ‘I cannot remember my mother’ opens each stanza and deepens longing.
- Auditory imagery — tune and humming.
- Olfactory imagery — shiuli flowers and temple scent.
- Visual imagery — the distant blue sky.
- Symbolism — tune, flowers and sky represent care, purity and enduring presence.
- Metaphor — the mother’s gaze is imagined as spread across the sky.
Memory and absence
The poem begins with an apparent contradiction: the speaker says he cannot remember, but each stanza contains a memory. What has faded is an exact image; what remains is emotional and sensory knowledge.
This restraint prevents sentimentality. Ordinary sensations carry the mother’s love more powerfully than a detailed biography could.
Build vocabulary
Word meanings
Kaveri exercise answers
Textbook solutions
Answers follow the exercise order in the textbook. Personal-response tasks include clear sample responses that students can adapt.
Original study guide by NCERT Hindi Tutor · ncerthinditutor.com
Reflect and Respond and Check Your Understanding
Q1.List some childhood memories that people commonly retain.
People may remember games, lullabies, first days at school, family festivals, familiar food, stories and time spent with parents or grandparents. Students can add their own truthful examples.
Q2.How can a child’s relationship with a mother influence emotions and memories?
Care, safety, routine and affection create strong associations. Later, a tune, smell, place or gesture can bring back not only an event but the feeling of being loved.
Q3.Complete the stanza ideas.
- Stanza 1 — During play, the poet remembers a tune rather than a clear face; the setting is indoors among playthings.
- Stanza 2 — On an autumn morning, shiuli and temple scent recall his mother.
- Stanza 3 — From his bedroom window, the distant sky recalls the stillness of her gaze.
Q4.What is the poem’s tone? Give a reason.
The tone is tender, nostalgic and serene. The speaker expresses loss quietly through gentle sounds, fragrances and the calm sky rather than through dramatic complaint.
Q5.How does the title affect the mood?
It immediately establishes absence and uncertainty. The repeated admission makes each recovered sensory memory more moving.
Q6.Why is ‘I cannot remember my mother’ used as a refrain?
The repetition unifies the stanzas and stresses the pain of incomplete memory. At the same time, every repetition is followed by evidence that love still survives.
Q7.Identify the main symbols of the mother’s presence.
- The tune — lullaby, care and early security.
- Shiuli and temple scent — purity, tenderness and sacred memory.
- The blue sky — a calm, vast and continuing loving gaze.
Critical Reflection
Q1.What role does the hovering tune play during the speaker’s playtime?
It interrupts ordinary play with an emotional echo of the cradle song. The sound makes the absent mother briefly present.
Q2.How can the poet feel his mother’s presence although she is not there?
Sensory experiences reactivate emotional memory. Sound, smell, sight and calmness reproduce the feeling of her care without producing a complete visual recollection.
Q3.Is the mother’s gaze described as having a literal effect on the sky?
No. The statement is symbolic. The sky’s width and stillness resemble the calm, surrounding quality of her love.
Q4.What is the emotional impact of the refrain?
It creates longing and quiet sadness. Because the claim recurs before each memory, readers feel both the loss of detail and the persistence of affection.
Q5.Explain the connections between the mother, shiuli flowers and the humming tune.
Shiuli fragrance represents purity and temple-linked calm; the tune represents lullaby and intimate care. Both are involuntary reminders rather than facts the speaker tries to recall deliberately.
Q6.What role does nature play in the poem?
Autumn flowers and the sky become carriers of memory. Nature connects the adult speaker’s present surroundings with the mother’s past presence.
Q7.What view of the mother–child relationship can be inferred?
The relationship is portrayed as formative and enduring. A mother’s care shapes emotional memory so deeply that it remains active even when direct recollection fades.
Vocabulary, Speaking and Writing
Q1.Sort sensory words into visual, auditory, olfactory and tactile groups.
- Visual — glowing, gigantic, minuscule, gloomy, vibrant, crimson.
- Auditory — hiss, rustle, sizzle, deafening, squeaky, ear-splitting.
- Olfactory — aroma, stale, scent, pungent, stinky, fragrant.
- Tactile — sticky, rough, chilled, fluffy, smooth, slimy, hairy.
Q2.Speak about a childhood object using sensory detail.
My grandmother’s old storybook had a faded red cover, rough yellow pages and a faint dusty smell. Her low voice and the soft rustle of each page became part of the stories. The object remains meaningful because it joined affection with my first enjoyment of reading.
Q3.Write a diary entry about a trip that appealed to your senses.
Thursday, 9 April
Today our class returned from Nainital. The green hills and bright lake filled my view, cool air touched my face, and birdsong mixed with water near the shore. Pine and wet earth scented the path, while warm food tasted especially comforting in the cold. The journey left me peaceful and reminded me how strongly the senses preserve a place in memory.
Learning Beyond the Text
Q1.Name five distinctive flowers found in India.
- Neelakurinji — a Western Ghats flower famous for mass blooming roughly every twelve years.
- Brahma Kamal — a revered high-altitude Himalayan flower.
- Shirui Lily — a rare flower of Manipur’s Shirui Hills.
- Lotus — a culturally significant aquatic flower associated with purity.
- Buransh or rhododendron — bright clusters seen in Himalayan regions.
Q2.Compare this poem with Thomas Hood’s ‘I Remember, I Remember’.
Both poems use nature and childhood details to recover the past. Tagore’s poem is restrained and centres on an absent mother through the senses; Hood remembers a home, flowers and family while contrasting childhood happiness with adult sorrow. Both show that memory can comfort and hurt at once.
Listen and Respond
The four childhood-memory extracts appear in the Unit 4 appendix.
Q1.Summarise Speaker (i).
A grandfather’s encouraging question—‘Who is the bravest?’—still raises the speaker’s morale during difficult moments.
Q2.Summarise Speaker (ii).
The speaker remembers unrestricted outdoor exploration, butterflies, paper boats, mud, beaches and the carefree joy of nature.
Q3.Summarise Speaker (iii).
Preparatory-school mornings are linked with grandparents, comic-strip stories and the child’s humorous attempts to retell them.
Q4.Summarise Speaker (iv).
A childhood beach once shared with parents is now crowded, and returning after a decade reveals distance and changed family connections.
Self-check
MCQs with explanations
Choose your answer first, then open the explanation to check your understanding.
1What first recalls the poet’s mother?
- A photograph
- A tune
- A letter
- A visitor
The hovering melody recalls the song hummed beside his cradle.
2Which flower appears in the second stanza?
- Rose
- Lotus
- Shiuli
- Tulip
Its autumn fragrance evokes the mother’s presence.
3Which sense dominates the second stanza?
- Taste
- Smell
- Touch
- Hearing
Flower and temple scents create olfactory memory.
4What does the distant sky symbolise?
- A coming storm
- The mother’s vast, calm gaze
- School freedom
- A journey
Its stillness and width carry the emotional quality of her look.
5What device is ‘I cannot remember my mother’?
- Refrain
- Pun
- Onomatopoeia
- Paradox only
The line recurs at the beginning of each stanza.
6What is the poem’s tone?
- Comic
- Nostalgic and serene
- Angry
- Triumphant
Loss is expressed through gentle, quiet sensory images.
7What connects all three stanzas?
- A school day
- Sensory reminders of maternal love
- A fixed rhyme
- Travel
Hearing, smell and sight each awaken the mother’s presence.
8What central idea does the poem express?
- Memory is only visual
- Love survives through sensory and emotional memory
- Nature erases the past
- Childhood has no influence
Even incomplete recollection retains the feeling of the mother’s care.
Go beyond the textbook
Extra questions and answers
Q1.Why is the absence of a detailed description of the mother effective?
The lack of physical detail mirrors the speaker’s incomplete memory and lets readers focus on emotional traces that feel universal.
Q2.How does the poem turn private memory into a universal experience?
Lullabies, flowers, worship and sky are widely recognisable. The simple sensory triggers allow readers to connect the speaker’s loss with their own memories.
Q3.Why does the poet say the tune ‘hovers’?
Hovering suggests that the memory remains near but cannot be grasped fully. It is present as atmosphere rather than a complete song.
Q4.What contrast exists between ‘cannot remember’ and the rest of each stanza?
The phrase denies direct recall, yet each stanza demonstrates enduring emotional memory. The contrast distinguishes factual image from felt presence.
Q5.How does silence function in the final stanza?
The sky’s stillness communicates care without words. It turns silence from emptiness into a peaceful, protective presence.