This guide explains the work and social value of Khetaram, a Gramin Dak Sewak serving remote desert communities. It covers the history of India Post, all major comprehension answers, literary devices, writing and the Indian Postal Day listening task.
Watch and learn
Video lessons
Watch the NCERT Hindi Tutor lessons here, then use the written notes and answers below for revision.
Understand the lesson
Summary
‘Carrier of Words’ documents the life of Khetaram, a Gramin Dak Sewak in Rajasthan’s harsh desert region. Farming cannot reliably support his family because drought and famine are common, so postal work provides both livelihood and purpose.
In khaki uniform and turban, he travels long distances through scorching winds and swirling sandstorms to reach isolated hamlets. He carries letters, postcards, parcels, money orders and savings services where transport and communication are limited.
Khetaram does more than deliver paper. He reads letters aloud, writes replies and handles happy or painful news with sensitivity. Villagers offer jaggery when he brings news of births or weddings, and trust him with messages and money.
The article contrasts the colonial postal system, designed mainly for official administration, with independent India’s aim of bringing postal service within reach of the whole population. The Gramin Dak Sewak becomes a bridge between remote citizens and the wider country.
Khetaram’s continued service beyond sixty reflects need, dignity and commitment. The author’s tribute recognises workers whose courage and reliability make communication a social lifeline.
At a glance
Quick revision points
- Khetaram works as a Gramin Dak Sewak in an arid part of Rajasthan.
- Uncertain rain makes farming alone insufficient for his family.
- He travels through extreme heat and sandstorms to remote hamlets.
- He reads letters and writes replies for people who need help.
- Jaggery welcomes good news such as a birth or wedding.
- He treats bad news carefully and believes its physical letter should be destroyed after reading.
- India Post after independence aims at broad public reach.
- The lesson honours postal workers as trusted carriers of words, money and connection.
Learn the ideas
Chapter notes
Khetaram’s role
- Postal carrier — letters, postcards, parcels and official messages.
- Financial link — money orders and savings access.
- Literacy support — reading letters and writing replies.
- Emotional messenger — handling celebration and grief with sensitivity.
- Community bridge — linking remote households with institutions and distant relatives.
Why the GDS is invaluable
A service is most valuable where alternatives are weakest. Khetaram reaches people beyond ordinary transport and telecommunication networks and adapts his work to literacy, distance and weather.
Trust makes the system function. Villagers allow him to hear private messages, prepare responses and handle savings because reliability has been proved over time.
Language and imagery
- Alliteration — ‘Khetaram’s khaki’, ‘scorching summer’ and ‘swirling sandstorms’.
- Metaphor — ‘desert’s furies’ turns weather into an attacking force.
- Metaphor — ‘walking sandman’ makes the effect of the storm visible.
- The title is metaphorical: words travel materially through the postal worker.
Build vocabulary
Word meanings
Kaveri exercise answers
Textbook solutions
Answers follow the exercise order in the textbook. Personal-response tasks include clear sample responses that students can adapt.
Original study guide by NCERT Hindi Tutor · ncerthinditutor.com
Reflect and Respond and Check Your Understanding
Q1.Which profession do the people in the opening pictures belong to?
They work in postal service as postmen, mail carriers or rural postal workers who deliver messages and other postal items.
Q2.What difficulties may postal workers face?
They may cross long distances in heat, cold, rain or storms, carry heavy bags, navigate hills or sand and reach settlements without reliable roads or transport.
Q3.How does their profession affect people?
They bring family news, official information, parcels and financial services. Their arrival can mean celebration, grief, opportunity or reassurance, so communities often trust them deeply.
Q4.How can words be carried, and who can carry them?
Letters, speech, telephone, email and digital messages can carry words. Postal workers, messengers, writers, teachers and communication technologies all perform this function in different ways.
Q5.Why does Khetaram take up the challenging job?
Unreliable farming cannot support his family of five. The postal position gives steady livelihood and meaningful service.
Q6.How might Khetaram feel about the daily task?
He is likely physically tired yet proud, responsible and satisfied because distant families depend on his reliability.
Q7.Why is jaggery offered when he brings news of a birth or wedding?
It is a simple gesture of shared joy, welcome and gratitude for the messenger of good news.
Q8.How would phone lines expand his role?
As a Gramin Sanchar Sewak, he could carry a mobile connection along with post from home to home, allowing more immediate communication.
Critical Reflection – Extracts
Q1.Why does Khetaram call famine ‘a way of life’?
The region repeatedly experiences poor rainfall, dry land and crop failure. Severe scarcity is not a rare event there but a recurring condition people must plan around.
Q2.Why must Khetaram take a job in addition to farming?
Even a good year may produce only a limited bajra crop, so farming cannot reliably feed the family.
Q3.What would ‘a good year’ signify?
Enough rain for at least one satisfactory crop and temporary relief from chronic scarcity.
Q4.What is Khetaram’s philosophy about bad news?
He believes the message should be read with care and the painful letter then torn up, as though the bad news itself could be destroyed.
Q5.What temperament does this action reveal?
It reveals sensitivity and empathy. He understands that news affects real families and does not treat delivery as a mechanical act.
Critical Reflection – Complete Answers
Q1.Why does the Postmaster-General call the role of GDS ‘invaluable’?
Rural postal workers carry messages, money and public services to remote places that other systems may not reach. They also support people who need help reading or writing, making them a crucial human link.
Q2.How did India Post’s purpose differ from the British postal system?
The colonial network primarily carried official company and administrative dak between centres of power. After independence, the goal expanded towards serving the entire population.
Q3.Give two examples showing that people trusted Gramin Dak Sewaks.
- Families allowed Khetaram to read private letters aloud and write replies.
- People entrusted savings and money-related postal work to the system through him.
Q4.Why might Khetaram be grateful to continue after sixty?
The work provides income and dignity and allows him to keep serving a community that values him. It remains central to his family and identity.
Q5.Why does the author pay tribute to people like Khetaram?
Their quiet courage keeps remote citizens connected despite harsh conditions and little public attention. The tribute makes essential, easily overlooked labour visible.
Vocabulary, Speaking and Writing
Q1.Identify alliteration and metaphor in the desert description.
- Alliteration — Khetaram’s khaki; scorching summer; swirling sandstorms.
- Metaphor — desert’s furies; a walking sandman.
Q2.Compare a postcard, inland letter, envelope and money order form.
A postcard is inexpensive but public; an inland letter offers more space and privacy; an envelope protects private writing and permits enclosures; a money order traditionally transfers money. Each serves a different communication need.
Q3.Write a short condolence letter.
16 July 20XX
Dear Aunt,
We are deeply saddened by the passing of your father. Please accept our heartfelt condolences. His kindness and memories will remain with the family. May you find strength and support during this painful time. Our thoughts are with you.
Yours lovingly,
Ramesh and Sunita
Learning Beyond the Text and Listen and Respond
Q1.Prepare a class board titled ‘Philately—Upholding Our Heritage’.
- Personalities — Gandhi, A. P. J. Abdul Kalam and Rabindranath Tagore.
- National events — Independence Day, Republic Day and important centenaries.
- Nature — tiger, lotus, peacock and threatened species.
- Arts and heritage — Taj Mahal, classical dance and musical instruments.
- Conclusion — small stamps preserve visual records of history, culture and public values.
Q2.When is Indian Postal Day celebrated, according to the audio?
10 October.
Q3.What is ‘Daakroom’?
A school letter-writing carnival named from the Hindi word daak, meaning post, designed to revive interest in letter writing.
Q4.Which activities are included in the carnival?
Letter writing, stamp collecting, calligraphy, origami, graphology, postcard making, music, theatre, dance and interactive postal demonstrations.
Q5.What does graphology mean?
The study of handwriting.
Self-check
MCQs with explanations
Choose your answer first, then open the explanation to check your understanding.
1What is Khetaram’s occupation?
- Teacher
- Gramin Dak Sewak
- Potter
- Mechanic
He provides rural postal service to remote desert settlements.
2Why is farming unreliable for his family?
- Too much snow
- Drought and famine
- No market in the city
- He dislikes crops
Arid conditions make even one bajra crop uncertain.
3What is offered with happy news?
- Tea leaves
- Jaggery
- A stamp
- A book
It expresses joy and gratitude for births or weddings.
4Which service shows deep personal trust?
- Buying shoes
- Reading letters and writing replies
- Making fans
- Selling radios
People allow Khetaram access to private family communication.
5What does ‘walking sandman’ describe?
- A toy
- Khetaram covered by blowing sand
- A desert animal
- A postal vehicle
The metaphor makes the physical effect of sandstorms visible.
6What was a main colonial postal purpose?
- Universal rural service
- Official administrative dak
- School projects
- Tourism
Independent India expanded the goal towards service for the whole population.
7What is philately?
- Study of music
- Stamp collecting and study
- A farming method
- A phone service
Stamps record history, people, places and culture.
8Why is Khetaram a ‘carrier of words’?
- He writes novels
- He physically and socially delivers communication
- He teaches grammar
- He owns a newspaper
He transports letters and helps their meaning reach people.
Go beyond the textbook
Extra questions and answers
Q1.Why does digital communication not erase the lesson’s importance?
Network access, electricity, literacy and official delivery remain uneven. More importantly, the story shows the human trust and last-mile service that technology alone does not guarantee.
Q2.How does geography shape Khetaram’s work?
Distance, heat, sand and scarce transport turn ordinary delivery into endurance. The environment explains both the difficulty and the value of his role.
Q3.Is tearing a letter the same as removing bad news?
No. The act is symbolic and cannot change reality, but it reveals Khetaram’s wish to protect people from continuing pain.
Q4.What should modern public services learn from the GDS model?
Last-mile systems need local knowledge, trust, accessibility and workers empowered to help citizens rather than merely transfer objects.
Q5.Why does service create dignity for Khetaram?
The job supports his family and makes him relied upon by a community. Economic independence and social usefulness reinforce each other.